diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index b32967869..2334955a0 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -134,3 +134,5 @@ fpga/src/CopiedFiles_do_not_add_to_repo/*
 /fpga/generator/sim/imp-timesim.sdf
 /fpga/generator/sim/imp-timesim.v
 /fpga/generator/sim/syn-funcsim.v
+external
+pipelined/regression/results
diff --git a/pipelined/regression/imperas.ic b/pipelined/regression/imperas.ic
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..164cec228
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pipelined/regression/imperas.ic
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#--showoverrides
+--override cpu/show_c_prefix=T
+--override cpu/unaligned=F
+--override cpu/mstatus_FS=1
+
+# Enable the Imperas instruction coverage
+-extlib    refRoot/cpu/cv=imperas.com/intercept/riscvInstructionCoverage/1.0
+-override  refRoot/cpu/cv/cover=basic
+-override  refRoot/cpu/cv/extensions=RV32I
+
+# Add Imperas simulator application instruction tracing
+--trace
+--tracechange
+--traceshowicount
+--tracemode
+--monitornetschange
+
+# Turn on verbose output for Imperas simulator
+--verbose
+
+# Turn on verbose output for RISCV model
+--override  cpu/verbose=1
+
+# Store simulator output to logfile
+--output imperas.log
+
diff --git a/pipelined/regression/run-imperasdv-tests.bash b/pipelined/regression/run-imperasdv-tests.bash
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c037c369d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pipelined/regression/run-imperasdv-tests.bash
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+if [ -d results ]; then
+    rm -rf results
+fi
+mkdir -p results
+
+ALL=$(find ${WALLY}/external/ImperasDV-HMC/tests/riscof/work/riscv-arch-test/rv64i_m -name "ref" -type d)
+
+export IMPERAS_TOOLS=$(pwd)/imperas.ic
+export OTHERFLAGS="+TRACE2LOG_ENABLE=1 VERBOSE=1"
+
+for t in $ALL; do
+    export TESTDIR=$(dirname ${t})
+    OUTLOG=$(echo ${TESTDIR} | sed "s|${WALLY}/external/ImperasDV-HMC/tests/riscof/work|results|").log
+    OUTDIR=$(dirname ${OUTLOG})
+    echo "Running test ${TESTDIR} -> ${OUTDIR} :: ${OUTLOG}"
+
+    mkdir -p ${OUTDIR}
+    vsim -c -do "do wally-pipelined-imperas.do rv64gc"
+    mv transcript ${OUTLOG}
+done
diff --git a/pipelined/regression/wally-pipelined-imperas-no-idv.do b/pipelined/regression/wally-pipelined-imperas-no-idv.do
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..646c41c72
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pipelined/regression/wally-pipelined-imperas-no-idv.do
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+# wally-pipelined.do 
+#
+# Modification by Oklahoma State University & Harvey Mudd College
+# Use with Testbench 
+# James Stine, 2008; David Harris 2021
+# Go Cowboys!!!!!!
+#
+# Takes 1:10 to run RV64IC tests using gui
+
+# run with vsim -do "do wally-pipelined.do rv64ic riscvarchtest-64m"
+
+# Use this wally-pipelined.do file to run this example.
+# Either bring up ModelSim and type the following at the "ModelSim>" prompt:
+#     do wally-pipelined.do
+# or, to run from a shell, type the following at the shell prompt:
+#     vsim -do wally-pipelined.do -c
+# (omit the "-c" to see the GUI while running from the shell)
+
+onbreak {resume}
+
+# create library
+if [file exists work] {
+    vdel -all
+}
+vlib work
+
+# compile source files
+# suppress spurious warnngs about 
+# "Extra checking for conflicts with always_comb done at vopt time"
+# because vsim will run vopt
+
+# start and run simulation
+# remove +acc flag for faster sim during regressions if there is no need to access internal signals
+        # *** modelsim won't take `PA_BITS, but will take other defines for the lengths of DTIM_RANGE and IROM_LEN.  For now just live with the warnings.
+vlog +incdir+../config/$1 \
+     +incdir+../config/shared \
+     ../../external/ImperasDV-HMC/Imperas/ImpPublic/source/host/rvvi/rvvi-trace.sv \
+     ../testbench/testbench_imperas.sv \
+     ../testbench/common/*.sv   \
+     ../src/*/*.sv \
+     ../src/*/*/*.sv \
+     -suppress 2583 \
+     -suppress 7063 
+vopt +acc work.testbench -G DEBUG=1 -o workopt 
+vsim workopt +nowarn3829  -fatal 7 \
+     +testDir=$env(TESTDIR) $env(OTHERFLAGS)
+view wave
+#-- display input and output signals as hexidecimal values
+add log -recursive /*
+do wave.do
+
+run -all
+
+noview ../testbench/testbench_imperas.sv
+view wave
diff --git a/pipelined/regression/wally-pipelined-imperas.do b/pipelined/regression/wally-pipelined-imperas.do
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..21ed71420
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pipelined/regression/wally-pipelined-imperas.do
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+# wally-pipelined.do 
+#
+# Modification by Oklahoma State University & Harvey Mudd College
+# Use with Testbench 
+# James Stine, 2008; David Harris 2021
+# Go Cowboys!!!!!!
+#
+# Takes 1:10 to run RV64IC tests using gui
+
+# run with vsim -do "do wally-pipelined.do rv64ic riscvarchtest-64m"
+
+# Use this wally-pipelined.do file to run this example.
+# Either bring up ModelSim and type the following at the "ModelSim>" prompt:
+#     do wally-pipelined.do
+# or, to run from a shell, type the following at the shell prompt:
+#     vsim -do wally-pipelined.do -c
+# (omit the "-c" to see the GUI while running from the shell)
+
+onbreak {resume}
+
+# create library
+if [file exists work] {
+    vdel -all
+}
+vlib work
+
+# compile source files
+# suppress spurious warnngs about 
+# "Extra checking for conflicts with always_comb done at vopt time"
+# because vsim will run vopt
+
+# start and run simulation
+# remove +acc flag for faster sim during regressions if there is no need to access internal signals
+        # *** modelsim won't take `PA_BITS, but will take other defines for the lengths of DTIM_RANGE and IROM_LEN.  For now just live with the warnings.
+vlog +incdir+../config/$1 \
+     +incdir+../config/shared \
+     +define+USE_IMPERAS_DV \
+     +incdir+$env(IMPERAS_HOME)/ImpPublic/include/host \
+     +incdir+$env(IMPERAS_HOME)/ImpProprietary/include/host \
+     $env(IMPERAS_HOME)/ImpPublic/source/host/rvvi/rvvi-api-pkg.sv    \
+     $env(IMPERAS_HOME)/ImpPublic/source/host/rvvi/rvvi-trace.sv      \
+     $env(IMPERAS_HOME)/ImpProprietary/source/host/rvvi/rvvi-pkg.sv   \
+     $env(IMPERAS_HOME)/ImpProprietary/source/host/rvvi/trace2api.sv  \
+     $env(IMPERAS_HOME)/ImpProprietary/source/host/rvvi/trace2log.sv  \
+     ../testbench/testbench_imperas.sv \
+     ../testbench/common/*.sv   \
+     ../src/*/*.sv \
+     ../src/*/*/*.sv \
+     -suppress 2583 \
+     -suppress 7063 
+vopt +acc work.testbench -G DEBUG=1 -o workopt 
+vsim workopt +nowarn3829  -fatal 7 \
+     -sv_lib $env(IMPERAS_HOME)/lib/Linux64/ImperasLib/imperas.com/verification/riscv/1.0/model \
+     +testDir=$env(TESTDIR) $env(OTHERFLAGS)
+view wave
+#-- display input and output signals as hexidecimal values
+add log -recursive /*
+do wave.do
+
+run -all
+
+noview ../testbench/testbench_imperas.sv
+view wave
diff --git a/pipelined/regression/wave.do b/pipelined/regression/wave.do
index d3a9d332c..d6d7b695c 100644
--- a/pipelined/regression/wave.do
+++ b/pipelined/regression/wave.do
@@ -6,28 +6,28 @@ add wave -noupdate /testbench/reset
 add wave -noupdate /testbench/reset_ext
 add wave -noupdate /testbench/memfilename
 add wave -noupdate /testbench/dut/core/SATP_REGW
-add wave -noupdate -group HDU -expand -group hazards /testbench/dut/core/hzu/BPPredWrongE
-add wave -noupdate -group HDU -expand -group hazards /testbench/dut/core/hzu/RetM
-add wave -noupdate -group HDU -expand -group hazards -color Pink /testbench/dut/core/hzu/TrapM
-add wave -noupdate -group HDU -expand -group hazards /testbench/dut/core/hzu/LoadStallD
-add wave -noupdate -group HDU -expand -group hazards /testbench/dut/core/ifu/IFUStallF
-add wave -noupdate -group HDU -expand -group hazards /testbench/dut/core/hzu/LSUStallM
-add wave -noupdate -group HDU -expand -group hazards /testbench/dut/core/MDUStallD
-add wave -noupdate -group HDU -expand -group hazards /testbench/dut/core/hzu/DivBusyE
-add wave -noupdate -group HDU -expand -group hazards /testbench/dut/core/hzu/FDivBusyE
-add wave -noupdate -group HDU -expand -group traps /testbench/dut/core/priv/priv/trap/InstrMisalignedFaultM
-add wave -noupdate -group HDU -expand -group traps /testbench/dut/core/priv/priv/trap/InstrAccessFaultM
-add wave -noupdate -group HDU -expand -group traps /testbench/dut/core/priv/priv/trap/IllegalInstrFaultM
-add wave -noupdate -group HDU -expand -group traps /testbench/dut/core/priv/priv/trap/BreakpointFaultM
-add wave -noupdate -group HDU -expand -group traps /testbench/dut/core/priv/priv/trap/LoadMisalignedFaultM
-add wave -noupdate -group HDU -expand -group traps /testbench/dut/core/priv/priv/trap/StoreAmoMisalignedFaultM
-add wave -noupdate -group HDU -expand -group traps /testbench/dut/core/priv/priv/trap/LoadAccessFaultM
-add wave -noupdate -group HDU -expand -group traps /testbench/dut/core/priv/priv/trap/StoreAmoAccessFaultM
-add wave -noupdate -group HDU -expand -group traps /testbench/dut/core/priv/priv/trap/EcallFaultM
-add wave -noupdate -group HDU -expand -group traps /testbench/dut/core/priv/priv/trap/InstrPageFaultM
-add wave -noupdate -group HDU -expand -group traps /testbench/dut/core/priv/priv/trap/LoadPageFaultM
-add wave -noupdate -group HDU -expand -group traps /testbench/dut/core/priv/priv/trap/StoreAmoPageFaultM
-add wave -noupdate -group HDU -expand -group traps /testbench/dut/core/priv/priv/trap/InterruptM
+add wave -noupdate -group HDU -group hazards /testbench/dut/core/hzu/BPPredWrongE
+add wave -noupdate -group HDU -group hazards /testbench/dut/core/hzu/RetM
+add wave -noupdate -group HDU -group hazards -color Pink /testbench/dut/core/hzu/TrapM
+add wave -noupdate -group HDU -group hazards /testbench/dut/core/hzu/LoadStallD
+add wave -noupdate -group HDU -group hazards /testbench/dut/core/ifu/IFUStallF
+add wave -noupdate -group HDU -group hazards /testbench/dut/core/hzu/LSUStallM
+add wave -noupdate -group HDU -group hazards /testbench/dut/core/MDUStallD
+add wave -noupdate -group HDU -group hazards /testbench/dut/core/hzu/DivBusyE
+add wave -noupdate -group HDU -group hazards /testbench/dut/core/hzu/FDivBusyE
+add wave -noupdate -group HDU -group traps /testbench/dut/core/priv/priv/trap/InstrMisalignedFaultM
+add wave -noupdate -group HDU -group traps /testbench/dut/core/priv/priv/trap/InstrAccessFaultM
+add wave -noupdate -group HDU -group traps /testbench/dut/core/priv/priv/trap/IllegalInstrFaultM
+add wave -noupdate -group HDU -group traps /testbench/dut/core/priv/priv/trap/BreakpointFaultM
+add wave -noupdate -group HDU -group traps /testbench/dut/core/priv/priv/trap/LoadMisalignedFaultM
+add wave -noupdate -group HDU -group traps /testbench/dut/core/priv/priv/trap/StoreAmoMisalignedFaultM
+add wave -noupdate -group HDU -group traps /testbench/dut/core/priv/priv/trap/LoadAccessFaultM
+add wave -noupdate -group HDU -group traps /testbench/dut/core/priv/priv/trap/StoreAmoAccessFaultM
+add wave -noupdate -group HDU -group traps /testbench/dut/core/priv/priv/trap/EcallFaultM
+add wave -noupdate -group HDU -group traps /testbench/dut/core/priv/priv/trap/InstrPageFaultM
+add wave -noupdate -group HDU -group traps /testbench/dut/core/priv/priv/trap/LoadPageFaultM
+add wave -noupdate -group HDU -group traps /testbench/dut/core/priv/priv/trap/StoreAmoPageFaultM
+add wave -noupdate -group HDU -group traps /testbench/dut/core/priv/priv/trap/InterruptM
 add wave -noupdate -group HDU -expand -group Flush -color Yellow /testbench/dut/core/FlushD
 add wave -noupdate -group HDU -expand -group Flush -color Yellow /testbench/dut/core/FlushE
 add wave -noupdate -group HDU -expand -group Flush -color Yellow /testbench/dut/core/FlushM
diff --git a/pipelined/src/ifu/bpred/RAsPredictor.sv b/pipelined/src/ifu/bpred/RAsPredictor.sv
index d345a5b0c..0c47aed99 100644
--- a/pipelined/src/ifu/bpred/RAsPredictor.sv
+++ b/pipelined/src/ifu/bpred/RAsPredictor.sv
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ module RASPredictor #(parameter int StackSize = 16 )(
   logic                     CounterEn;
   localparam Depth = $clog2(StackSize);
 
-  logic [Depth-1:0]         PtrD, PtrQ, PtrP1, PtrM1;
+  logic [Depth-1:0]         NextPtr, CurrPtr, PtrP1, PtrM1;
   logic [StackSize-1:0]     [`XLEN-1:0] memory;
   integer        index;
 
@@ -70,12 +70,12 @@ module RASPredictor #(parameter int StackSize = 16 )(
   assign CounterEn = PopF | PushE | RepairD;
 
   assign DecrementPtr = (PopF | DecRepairD) & ~IncrRepairD;
-  mux2 #(Depth) PtrMux(PtrP1, PtrM1, DecrementPtr, PtrD);
+  mux2 #(Depth) PtrMux(PtrP1, PtrM1, DecrementPtr, NextPtr);
 
-  assign PtrM1 = PtrQ - 1'b1;
-  assign PtrP1 = PtrQ + 1'b1;
+  assign PtrM1 = CurrPtr - 1'b1;
+  assign PtrP1 = CurrPtr + 1'b1;
 
-  flopenr #(Depth) PTR(clk, reset, CounterEn, PtrD, PtrQ);
+  flopenr #(Depth) PTR(clk, reset, CounterEn, NextPtr, CurrPtr);
 
   // RAS must be reset. 
   always_ff @ (posedge clk) begin
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ module RASPredictor #(parameter int StackSize = 16 )(
     end
   end
 
-  assign RASPCF = memory[PtrQ];
+  assign RASPCF = memory[CurrPtr];
   
   
 endmodule
diff --git a/pipelined/src/ifu/bpred/bpred.sv b/pipelined/src/ifu/bpred/bpred.sv
index cccbe29f0..048aa1125 100644
--- a/pipelined/src/ifu/bpred/bpred.sv
+++ b/pipelined/src/ifu/bpred/bpred.sv
@@ -117,8 +117,7 @@ module bpred (
   end else if (`BPRED_TYPE == "BPSPECULATIVEGSHARE") begin:Predictor
     speculativegshare #(`BPRED_SIZE) DirPredictor(.clk, .reset, .StallF, .StallD, .StallE, .StallM, .StallW, .FlushD, .FlushE, .FlushM, .FlushW,
       .PCNextF, .PCF, .PCD, .PCE, .PCM, .DirPredictionF, .DirPredictionWrongE,
-      .BranchInstrF(PredInstrClassF[0]), .BranchInstrD(InstrClassD[0]), .BranchInstrE(InstrClassE[0]), .BranchInstrM(InstrClassM[0]),
-      .BranchInstrW(InstrClassW[0]), .WrongPredInstrClassD, .PCSrcE);
+      .PredInstrClassF, .InstrClassD, .InstrClassE, .WrongPredInstrClassD, .PCSrcE);
 
   end else if (`BPRED_TYPE == "BPLOCALPAg") begin:Predictor
     // *** Fix me
@@ -152,15 +151,6 @@ module bpred (
           .IEUAdrE,
           .InstrClassE);
 
-  // Part 3 RAS
-  // *** need to add the logic to restore RAS on flushes.  We will use incr for this.
-  // *** needs to include flushX
-  RASPredictor RASPredictor(.clk, .reset, .StallF, .StallD, .StallE, .StallM, .FlushD, .FlushE, .FlushM,
-							.PredInstrClassF, .InstrClassD, .InstrClassE,
-							.WrongPredInstrClassD, .RASPCF, .PCLinkE);
-
-  assign BPPredPCF = PredInstrClassF[2] ? RASPCF : PredPCF;
-
   // the branch predictor needs a compact decoding of the instruction class.
   if (`INSTR_CLASS_PRED == 0) begin : DirectClassDecode
 	logic [4:0] CompressedOpcF;
@@ -197,12 +187,19 @@ module bpred (
 						(PredInstrClassF[1] & PredValidF) ;
   end
   
+  // Part 3 RAS
+  RASPredictor RASPredictor(.clk, .reset, .StallF, .StallD, .StallE, .StallM, .FlushD, .FlushE, .FlushM,
+							.PredInstrClassF, .InstrClassD, .InstrClassE,
+							.WrongPredInstrClassD, .RASPCF, .PCLinkE);
+
+  assign BPPredPCF = PredInstrClassF[2] ? RASPCF : PredPCF;
 
   assign InstrClassD[3] = (InstrD[6:0] & 7'h77) == 7'h67 & (InstrD[11:07] & 5'h1B) == 5'h01; // jal(r) must link to ra or x5
   assign InstrClassD[2] = InstrD[6:0] == 7'h67 & (InstrD[19:15] & 5'h1B) == 5'h01; // return must return to ra or r5
   assign InstrClassD[1] = (InstrD[6:0] == 7'h67 & (InstrD[19:15] & 5'h1B) != 5'h01 & (InstrD[11:7] & 5'h1B) != 5'h01) | // jump register, but not return
 						  (InstrD[6:0] == 7'h6F & (InstrD[11:7] & 5'h1B) != 5'h01); // jump, RD != x1 or x5
   assign InstrClassD[0] = InstrD[6:0] == 7'h63; // branch
+
   flopenrc #(4) InstrClassRegE(clk, reset,  FlushE, ~StallE, InstrClassD, InstrClassE);
   flopenrc #(4) InstrClassRegM(clk, reset,  FlushM, ~StallM, InstrClassE, InstrClassM);
   flopenrc #(4) InstrClassRegW(clk, reset,  FlushW, ~StallW, InstrClassM, InstrClassW);
diff --git a/pipelined/src/ifu/bpred/speculativegshare.sv b/pipelined/src/ifu/bpred/speculativegshare.sv
index 62608f0bb..23a49eac3 100644
--- a/pipelined/src/ifu/bpred/speculativegshare.sv
+++ b/pipelined/src/ifu/bpred/speculativegshare.sv
@@ -29,36 +29,32 @@
 `include "wally-config.vh"
 
 module speculativegshare #(parameter int k = 10 ) (
-  input logic             clk,
-  input logic             reset,
-  input logic             StallF, StallD, StallE, StallM, StallW, 
-  input logic             FlushD, FlushE, FlushM, FlushW,
-  output logic [1:0]      DirPredictionF, 
-  output logic            DirPredictionWrongE,
+  input logic 			  clk,
+  input logic 			  reset,
+  input logic 			  StallF, StallD, StallE, StallM, StallW, 
+  input logic 			  FlushD, FlushE, FlushM, FlushW,
+  output logic [1:0] 	  DirPredictionF, 
+  output logic 			  DirPredictionWrongE,
   // update
   input logic [`XLEN-1:0] PCNextF, PCF, PCD, PCE, PCM,
-  input logic             BranchInstrF, BranchInstrD, BranchInstrE, BranchInstrM, BranchInstrW,
-  input logic [3:0]       WrongPredInstrClassD, 
-  input logic             PCSrcE
+  input logic [3:0] 	  PredInstrClassF, InstrClassD, InstrClassE,
+  input logic [3:0] 	  WrongPredInstrClassD, 
+  input logic 			  PCSrcE
 );
 
   logic                    MatchF, MatchD, MatchE;
   logic                    MatchNextX, MatchXF;
 
   logic [1:0]              TableDirPredictionF, DirPredictionD, DirPredictionE;
-  logic [1:0]              NewDirPredictionF, NewDirPredictionD, NewDirPredictionE;
-
-  logic [k-1:0]            GHRF;
-  logic 				   GHRExtraF;
-  logic [k-1:0] 		   GHRD, GHRE, GHRM, GHRW;
-  logic [k-1:0] 		   GHRNextF;
-  logic [k-1:0] 		   GHRNextD;
-  logic [k-1:0] 		   GHRNextE, GHRNextM, GHRNextW;
-  logic [k-1:0]            IndexNextF, IndexF;
-  logic [k-1:0]            IndexD, IndexE;
-  
+  logic [1:0]              NewDirPredictionE;
 
+  logic [k-1:0] 		   GHRF, GHRD, GHRE;
+  logic 				   GHRLastF;
+  logic [k-1:0] 		   GHRNextF, GHRNextD, GHRNextE;
+  logic [k-1:0]            IndexNextF, IndexF, IndexD, IndexE;
   logic [1:0]              ForwardNewDirPrediction, ForwardDirPredictionF;
+
+  logic 				   FlushDOrDirWrong;
   
   assign IndexNextF = GHRNextF ^ {PCNextF[k+1] ^ PCNextF[1], PCNextF[k:2]};
   assign IndexF = GHRF        ^ {PCF[k+1] ^ PCF[1], PCF[k:2]};
@@ -71,20 +67,20 @@ module speculativegshare #(parameter int k = 10 ) (
     .rd1(TableDirPredictionF),
     .wa2(IndexE),
     .wd2(NewDirPredictionE),
-    .we2(BranchInstrE & ~StallM & ~FlushM),
+    .we2(InstrClassE[0]),
     .bwe2(1'b1));
 
   // if there are non-flushed branches in the pipeline we need to forward the prediction from that stage to the NextF demi stage
   // and then register for use in the Fetch stage.
-  assign MatchF = BranchInstrF & ~FlushD & (IndexNextF == IndexF);
-  assign MatchD = BranchInstrD & ~FlushE & (IndexNextF == IndexD);
-  assign MatchE = BranchInstrE & ~FlushM & (IndexNextF == IndexE);
+  assign MatchF = PredInstrClassF[0] & ~FlushD & (IndexNextF == IndexF);
+  assign MatchD = InstrClassD[0] & ~FlushE & (IndexNextF == IndexD);
+  assign MatchE = InstrClassE[0] & ~FlushM & (IndexNextF == IndexE);
   assign MatchNextX = MatchF | MatchD | MatchE;
 
   flopenr #(1) MatchReg(clk, reset, ~StallF, MatchNextX, MatchXF);
 
-  assign ForwardNewDirPrediction = MatchF ? NewDirPredictionF :
-                                   MatchD ? NewDirPredictionD :
+  assign ForwardNewDirPrediction = MatchF ? {2{DirPredictionF[1]}} :
+                                   MatchD ? {2{DirPredictionD[1]}} :
                                    NewDirPredictionE ;
   
   flopenr #(2) ForwardDirPredicitonReg(clk, reset, ~StallF, ForwardNewDirPrediction, ForwardDirPredictionF);
@@ -95,49 +91,37 @@ module speculativegshare #(parameter int k = 10 ) (
   flopenr #(2) PredictionRegD(clk, reset, ~StallD, DirPredictionF, DirPredictionD);
   flopenr #(2) PredictionRegE(clk, reset, ~StallE, DirPredictionD, DirPredictionE);
 
-  // New prediction pipeline
-  assign NewDirPredictionF = {DirPredictionF[1], DirPredictionF[1]};
   
-  flopenr #(2) NewPredDReg(clk, reset, ~StallD, NewDirPredictionF, NewDirPredictionD);
   satCounter2 BPDirUpdateE(.BrDir(PCSrcE), .OldState(DirPredictionE), .NewState(NewDirPredictionE));
 
   // GHR pipeline
-  // this version fails the regression test do to pessimistic x propagation.
-  // assign GHRNextF = FlushD | DirPredictionWrongE ?  GHRNextD[k-1:0] :
-  //                  BranchInstrF ? {DirPredictionF[1], GHRF[k-1:1]} :
-  //                  GHRF;
 
-  always_comb begin
-	if(FlushD | DirPredictionWrongE) begin
-	  GHRNextF = GHRNextD[k-1:0];
-	end else if(BranchInstrF) GHRNextF = {DirPredictionF[1], GHRF[k-1:1]};
-	else GHRNextF = GHRF;
-  end
+  // If Fetch has a branch, speculatively insert prediction into the GHR
+  // If the front end is flushed or the direction prediction is wrong, reset to
+  // most recent valid GHR.  For a BP wrong this is GHRD with the correct prediction shifted in.
+  // For FlushE this is GHRE.  GHRNextE is both.
+  assign FlushDOrDirWrong = FlushD | DirPredictionWrongE;
+  mux3 #(k) GHRFMux(GHRF, {DirPredictionF[1], GHRF[k-1:1]}, GHRNextE[k-1:0], 
+					{FlushDOrDirWrong, PredInstrClassF[0]}, GHRNextF);
 
-  flopenr  #(k) GHRFReg(clk, reset, (~StallF) | FlushD, GHRNextF, GHRF);	
-  flopenr  #(1) GHRFExtraReg(clk, reset, (~StallF) | FlushD, GHRF[0], GHRExtraF);
+  // Need 1 extra bit to store the shifted out GHRF if repair needs to back shift.
+  flopenr  #(k) GHRFReg(clk, reset, ~StallF | FlushDOrDirWrong, GHRNextF, GHRF);	
+  flopenr  #(1) GHRFLastReg(clk, reset, ~StallF | FlushDOrDirWrong, GHRF[0], GHRLastF);
 
-  // use with out instruction class prediction
-  //assign GHRNextD = FlushD ? GHRNextE[k-1:0] : GHRF[k-1:0];
-  // with instruction class prediction
-  assign GHRNextD = (FlushD | DirPredictionWrongE) ? GHRNextE[k-1:0] :
-					WrongPredInstrClassD[0] & BranchInstrD  ? {DirPredictionD[1], GHRF[k-1:1]} : // shift right
-  					WrongPredInstrClassD[0] & ~BranchInstrD ? {GHRF[k-2:0], GHRExtraF}:       // shift left
-					GHRF[k-1:0];
+  // With instruction class prediction, the class could be wrong and is checked in Decode.
+  // If it is wrong and branch does exist then shift right and insert the prediction.
+  // If the branch does not exist then shift left and use GHRLastF to restore the LSB.
+  logic [k-1:0] 		   GHRClassWrong;
+  mux2 #(k) GHRClassWrongMux({DirPredictionD[1], GHRF[k-1:1]}, {GHRF[k-2:0], GHRLastF}, InstrClassD[0], GHRClassWrong);
+  // As with GHRF FlushD and wrong direction prediction flushes the pipeline and restores to GHRNextE.
+  mux3 #(k) GHRDMux(GHRF, GHRClassWrong, GHRNextE, {FlushDOrDirWrong, WrongPredInstrClassD[0]}, GHRNextD);
 
-  flopenr  #(k) GHRDReg(clk, reset, (~StallD) | FlushD, GHRNextD, GHRD);
+  flopenr  #(k) GHRDReg(clk, reset, ~StallD | FlushDOrDirWrong, GHRNextD, GHRD);
 
-  assign GHRNextE = BranchInstrE & ~FlushM ? {PCSrcE, GHRD[k-2:0]} :   // if the branch is not flushed
-					FlushE ? GHRE :                                // branch is flushed
-					GHRD;
-  flopenr  #(k) GHREReg(clk, reset, (BranchInstrE & ~StallE) | FlushE, GHRNextE, GHRE);
+  mux3 #(k) GHREMux(GHRD, GHRE, {PCSrcE, GHRD[k-2:0]}, {InstrClassE[0] & ~FlushM, FlushE}, GHRNextE);
 
-  //assign GHRNextM = FlushM ? GHRM : GHRE;
-  //flopenr  #(k) GHRMReg(clk, reset, (BranchInstrM & ~StallM) | FlushM, GHRNextM, GHRM);
-
-  //assign GHRNextW = FlushW ? GHRW : GHRM;
-  //flopenr  #(k) GHRWReg(clk, reset, (BranchInstrW & ~StallW) | FlushW, GHRNextW, GHRW);
+  flopenr  #(k) GHREReg(clk, reset, ((InstrClassE[0] & ~FlushM) & ~StallE) | FlushE, GHRNextE, GHRE);
   
-  assign DirPredictionWrongE = PCSrcE != DirPredictionE[1] & BranchInstrE;
+  assign DirPredictionWrongE = PCSrcE != DirPredictionE[1] & InstrClassE[0];
 
 endmodule
diff --git a/pipelined/src/privileged/csrsr.sv b/pipelined/src/privileged/csrsr.sv
index 10e69b69e..c5d5e7a1f 100644
--- a/pipelined/src/privileged/csrsr.sv
+++ b/pipelined/src/privileged/csrsr.sv
@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ module csrsr (
                           STATUS_XS, STATUS_FS, /*STATUS_MPP, 2'b0*/ 4'b0,
                           STATUS_SPP, /*STATUS_MPIE*/ 1'b0, STATUS_UBE, STATUS_SPIE,
                           /*1'b0, STATUS_MIE, 1'b0*/ 3'b0, STATUS_SIE, 1'b0};
+	assign MSTATUSH_REGW = '0; // *** does not exist when XLEN=64, but don't want it to have an undefined value.  Spec is not clear what it should be.
   end else begin: csrsr32 // RV32
     assign MSTATUS_REGW = {STATUS_SD, 8'b0,
                           STATUS_TSR, STATUS_TW, STATUS_TVM, STATUS_MXR, STATUS_SUM, STATUS_MPRV,
diff --git a/pipelined/testbench/common/wallyTracer.sv b/pipelined/testbench/common/wallyTracer.sv
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..14b229685
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pipelined/testbench/common/wallyTracer.sv
@@ -0,0 +1,291 @@
+`include "wally-config.vh"
+
+`define NUM_REGS 32
+`define NUM_CSRS 4096
+
+`define PRINT_PC_INSTR 0
+`define PRINT_MOST 0
+`define PRINT_ALL 0
+`define PRINT_CSRS 0
+
+module wallyTracer(rvviTrace rvvi);
+
+  localparam NUMREGS = `E_SUPPORTED ? 16 : 32;
+  
+  // wally specific signals
+  logic 						 reset;
+  
+  logic [`XLEN-1:0] 			 PCNextF, PCF, PCD, PCE, PCM, PCW;
+  logic [`XLEN-1:0] 			 InstrRawD, InstrRawE, InstrRawM, InstrRawW;
+  logic 						 InstrValidM, InstrValidW;
+  logic 						 StallE, StallM, StallW;
+  logic 						 FlushD, FlushE, FlushM, FlushW;
+  logic 						 TrapM, TrapW;
+  logic 						 IntrF, IntrD, IntrE, IntrM, IntrW;
+  logic 						 HaltM, HaltW;
+  logic [1:0] 					 PrivilegeModeW;
+  logic [`XLEN-1:0] 			 rf[NUMREGS];
+  logic [NUMREGS-1:0] 			 rf_wb;
+  logic [4:0] 					 rf_a3;
+  logic 						 rf_we3;
+  logic [`XLEN-1:0] 			 frf[32];
+  logic [`NUM_REGS-1:0] 		 frf_wb;
+  logic [4:0] 					 frf_a4;
+  logic 						 frf_we4;
+  logic [`XLEN-1:0]              CSRArray [logic[11:0]];
+  logic [`XLEN-1:0] 			 CSRArrayOld [logic[11:0]];
+  logic [`NUM_CSRS-1:0] 		 CSR_W;
+  logic 						 CSRWriteM, CSRWriteW;
+  logic [11:0] 					 CSRAdrM, CSRAdrW;
+  
+  assign clk = testbench.dut.clk;
+  //  assign InstrValidF = testbench.dut.core.ieu.InstrValidF;  // not needed yet
+  assign InstrValidD    = testbench.dut.core.ieu.c.InstrValidD;
+  assign InstrValidE    = testbench.dut.core.ieu.c.InstrValidE;
+  assign InstrValidM    = testbench.dut.core.ieu.InstrValidM;
+  assign InstrRawD      = testbench.dut.core.ifu.InstrRawD;
+  assign PCNextF        = testbench.dut.core.ifu.PCNextF;
+  assign PCF            = testbench.dut.core.ifu.PCF;
+  assign PCD            = testbench.dut.core.ifu.PCD;
+  assign PCE            = testbench.dut.core.ifu.PCE;
+  assign PCM            = testbench.dut.core.ifu.PCM;
+  assign reset          = testbench.reset;
+  assign StallF         = testbench.dut.core.StallF;
+  assign StallD         = testbench.dut.core.StallD;
+  assign StallE         = testbench.dut.core.StallE;
+  assign StallM         = testbench.dut.core.StallM;
+  assign StallW         = testbench.dut.core.StallW;
+  assign FlushD         = testbench.dut.core.FlushD;
+  assign FlushE         = testbench.dut.core.FlushE;
+  assign FlushM         = testbench.dut.core.FlushM;
+  assign FlushW         = testbench.dut.core.FlushW;
+  assign TrapM          = testbench.dut.core.TrapM;
+  assign HaltM          = testbench.DCacheFlushStart;
+  assign PrivilegeModeW = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.privmode.PrivilegeModeW;
+  assign STATUS_SXL     = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.csrsr.STATUS_SXL;
+  assign STATUS_UXL     = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.csrsr.STATUS_UXL;
+
+  logic valid;
+
+  always_comb begin
+	// Since we are detected the CSR change by comparing the old value we need to
+	// ensure the CSR is detected when the pipeline's Writeback stage is not
+	// stalled.  If it is stalled we want CSRArray to hold the old value.
+	if(valid) begin 
+	  // machine CSRs
+	  // *** missing PMP and performance counters.
+	  CSRArray[12'h300] = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.csrm.MSTATUS_REGW;
+	  CSRArray[12'h310] = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.csrm.MSTATUSH_REGW;
+	  CSRArray[12'h305] = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.csrm.MTVEC_REGW;
+	  CSRArray[12'h341] = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.csrm.MEPC_REGW;
+	  CSRArray[12'h306] = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.csrm.MCOUNTEREN_REGW;
+	  CSRArray[12'h320] = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.csrm.MCOUNTINHIBIT_REGW;
+	  CSRArray[12'h302] = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.csrm.MEDELEG_REGW;
+	  CSRArray[12'h303] = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.csrm.MIDELEG_REGW;
+	  CSRArray[12'h344] = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.csrm.MIP_REGW;
+	  CSRArray[12'h304] = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.csrm.MIE_REGW;
+	  CSRArray[12'h301] = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.csrm.MISA_REGW;
+	  CSRArray[12'hF14] = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.csrm.MHARTID_REGW;
+	  CSRArray[12'h340] = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.csrm.MSCRATCH_REGW;
+	  CSRArray[12'h342] = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.csrm.MCAUSE_REGW;
+	  CSRArray[12'h343] = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.csrm.MTVAL_REGW;
+	  CSRArray[12'hF11] = 0;
+	  CSRArray[12'hF12] = 0;
+	  CSRArray[12'hF13] = `XLEN'h100;
+	  CSRArray[12'hF15] = 0;
+	  CSRArray[12'h34A] = 0;
+	  // MCYCLE and MINSTRET
+	  CSRArray[12'hB00] = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.counters.counters.HPMCOUNTER_REGW[0];
+	  CSRArray[12'hB02] = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.counters.counters.HPMCOUNTER_REGW[2];
+	  // supervisor CSRs
+	  CSRArray[12'h100] = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.csrs.csrs.SSTATUS_REGW;
+	  CSRArray[12'h104] = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.csrm.MIE_REGW & 12'h222;
+	  CSRArray[12'h105] = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.csrs.csrs.STVEC_REGW;
+	  CSRArray[12'h141] = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.csrs.csrs.SEPC_REGW;
+	  CSRArray[12'h106] = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.csrs.csrs.SCOUNTEREN_REGW;
+	  CSRArray[12'h180] = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.csrs.csrs.SATP_REGW;
+	  CSRArray[12'h140] = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.csrs.csrs.SSCRATCH_REGW;
+	  CSRArray[12'h143] = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.csrs.csrs.STVAL_REGW;
+	  CSRArray[12'h142] = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.csrs.csrs.SCAUSE_REGW;
+	  CSRArray[12'h144] = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.csrm.MIP_REGW & & 12'h222 & testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.csrm.MIDELEG_REGW;
+	  // user CSRs
+	  CSRArray[12'h001] = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.csru.csru.FFLAGS_REGW;
+	  CSRArray[12'h002] = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.csru.csru.FRM_REGW;
+	  CSRArray[12'h003] = {testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.csru.csru.FRM_REGW, testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.csru.csru.FFLAGS_REGW};
+	end else begin // hold the old value if the pipeline is stalled.
+	  CSRArray[12'h300] = CSRArrayOld[12'h300];
+	  CSRArray[12'h310] = CSRArrayOld[12'h310];
+	  CSRArray[12'h305] = CSRArrayOld[12'h305];
+	  CSRArray[12'h341] = CSRArrayOld[12'h341];
+	  CSRArray[12'h306] = CSRArrayOld[12'h306];
+	  CSRArray[12'h320] = CSRArrayOld[12'h320];
+	  CSRArray[12'h302] = CSRArrayOld[12'h302];
+	  CSRArray[12'h303] = CSRArrayOld[12'h303];
+	  CSRArray[12'h344] = CSRArrayOld[12'h344];
+	  CSRArray[12'h304] = CSRArrayOld[12'h304];
+	  CSRArray[12'h301] = CSRArrayOld[12'h301];
+	  CSRArray[12'hF14] = CSRArrayOld[12'hF14];
+	  CSRArray[12'h340] = CSRArrayOld[12'h340];
+	  CSRArray[12'h342] = CSRArrayOld[12'h342];
+	  CSRArray[12'h343] = CSRArrayOld[12'h343];
+	  CSRArray[12'hF11] = CSRArrayOld[12'hF11];
+	  CSRArray[12'hF12] = CSRArrayOld[12'hF12];
+	  CSRArray[12'hF13] = CSRArrayOld[12'hF13];
+	  CSRArray[12'hF15] = CSRArrayOld[12'hF15];
+	  CSRArray[12'h34A] = CSRArrayOld[12'h34A];
+	  // MCYCLE and MINSTRET
+	  CSRArray[12'hB00] = CSRArrayOld[12'hB00];
+	  CSRArray[12'hB02] = CSRArrayOld[12'hB02];
+	  // supervisor CSRs
+	  CSRArray[12'h100] = CSRArrayOld[12'h100];
+	  CSRArray[12'h104] = CSRArrayOld[12'h104];
+	  CSRArray[12'h105] = CSRArrayOld[12'h105];
+	  CSRArray[12'h141] = CSRArrayOld[12'h141];
+	  CSRArray[12'h106] = CSRArrayOld[12'h106];
+	  CSRArray[12'h180] = CSRArrayOld[12'h180];
+	  CSRArray[12'h140] = CSRArrayOld[12'h140];
+	  CSRArray[12'h143] = CSRArrayOld[12'h143];
+	  CSRArray[12'h142] = CSRArrayOld[12'h142];
+	  CSRArray[12'h144] = CSRArrayOld[12'h144];
+	  // user CSRs
+	  CSRArray[12'h001] = CSRArrayOld[12'h001];
+	  CSRArray[12'h002] = CSRArrayOld[12'h002];
+	  CSRArray[12'h003] = CSRArrayOld[12'h003];
+	end	  
+  end
+
+  genvar 							index;
+  assign rf[0] = '0;
+  for(index = 1; index < NUMREGS; index += 1) 
+	assign rf[index] = testbench.dut.core.ieu.dp.regf.rf[index];
+
+  assign rf_a3  = testbench.dut.core.ieu.dp.regf.a3;
+  assign rf_we3 = testbench.dut.core.ieu.dp.regf.we3;
+  
+  always_comb begin
+	rf_wb <= '0;
+	if(rf_we3)
+	  rf_wb[rf_a3] <= 1'b1;
+  end
+
+  for(index = 0; index < NUMREGS; index += 1) 
+	assign frf[index] = testbench.dut.core.fpu.fpu.fregfile.rf[index];
+  
+  assign frf_a4  = testbench.dut.core.fpu.fpu.fregfile.a4;
+  assign frf_we4 = testbench.dut.core.fpu.fpu.fregfile.we4;
+  
+  always_comb begin
+	frf_wb <= '0;
+	if(frf_we4)
+	  frf_wb[frf_a4] <= 1'b1;
+  end
+
+  assign CSRAdrM  = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.CSRAdrM;
+  assign CSRWriteM = testbench.dut.core.priv.priv.csr.CSRWriteM;
+  
+  // pipeline to writeback stage
+  flopenrc #(`XLEN) InstrRawEReg (clk, reset, FlushE, ~StallE, InstrRawD, InstrRawE);
+  flopenrc #(`XLEN) InstrRawMReg (clk, reset, FlushM, ~StallM, InstrRawE, InstrRawM);
+  flopenrc #(`XLEN) InstrRawWReg (clk, reset, FlushW, ~StallW, InstrRawM, InstrRawW);
+  flopenrc #(`XLEN) PCWReg (clk, reset, FlushW, ~StallW, PCM, PCW);
+  flopenrc #(1)     InstrValidMReg (clk, reset, FlushW, ~StallW, InstrValidM, InstrValidW);
+  flopenrc #(1)     TrapWReg (clk, reset, 1'b0, ~StallW, TrapM, TrapW);
+  flopenrc #(1)     HaltWReg (clk, reset, 1'b0, ~StallW, HaltM, HaltW);
+
+  flopenrc #(1)     IntrFReg (clk, reset, 1'b0, ~StallF, TrapM, IntrF);
+  flopenrc #(1)     IntrDReg (clk, reset, FlushD, ~StallD, IntrF, IntrD);
+  flopenrc #(1)     IntrEReg (clk, reset, FlushE, ~StallE, IntrD, IntrE);
+  flopenrc #(1)     IntrMReg (clk, reset, FlushM, ~StallM, IntrE, IntrM);
+  flopenrc #(1)     IntrWReg (clk, reset, FlushW, ~StallW, IntrM, IntrW);
+
+  flopenrc #(12)    CSRAdrWReg (clk, reset, FlushW, ~StallW, CSRAdrM, CSRAdrW);
+  flopenrc #(1)     CSRWriteWReg (clk, reset, FlushW, ~StallW, CSRWriteM, CSRWriteW);
+
+  // Initially connecting the writeback stage signals, but may need to use M stage
+  // and gate on ~FlushW.
+
+  assign valid  = InstrValidW & ~StallW;
+  assign rvvi.clk = clk;
+  assign #1 rvvi.valid[0][0]    = valid;
+  assign rvvi.order[0][0]    = CSRArray[12'hB02];  // TODO: IMPERAS Should be event order
+  assign rvvi.insn[0][0]     = InstrRawW;
+  assign rvvi.pc_rdata[0][0] = PCW;
+  assign rvvi.trap[0][0]     = 0; // TODO: IMPERAS TrapW;
+  assign rvvi.halt[0][0]     = HaltW;
+  assign rvvi.intr[0][0]     = IntrW;
+  assign rvvi.mode[0][0]     = PrivilegeModeW;
+  assign rvvi.ixl[0][0]      = PrivilegeModeW == 2'b11 ? 2'b10 :
+					           PrivilegeModeW == 2'b01 ? STATUS_SXL : STATUS_UXL;
+  assign rvvi.pc_wdata[0][0] = ~FlushW ? PCM :
+						       ~FlushM ? PCE :
+						       ~FlushE ? PCD :
+						       ~FlushD ? PCF : PCNextF;
+
+  for(index = 0; index < `NUM_REGS; index += 1) begin
+	assign rvvi.x_wdata[0][0][index] = rf[index];
+	assign rvvi.x_wb[0][0][index]    = rf_wb[index];
+	assign rvvi.f_wdata[0][0][index] = frf[index];
+	assign rvvi.f_wb[0][0][index]    = frf_wb[index];
+  end
+
+  // record previous csr value.
+  integer index4;
+  always_ff @(posedge clk) begin
+	for (index4 = 0; index4 < `NUM_CSRS; index4 += 1) begin
+// IMPERAS
+	  //CSR_W[index4] = (CSRArrayOld[index4] != CSRArray[index4]) ? 1 : 0;
+	  CSRArrayOld[index4] = CSRArray[index4];
+	end
+  end
+  
+  // check for csr value change.
+  genvar index5;
+  for(index5 = 0; index5 < `NUM_CSRS; index5 += 1) begin
+	// CSR_W should only indicate the change when the Writeback stage is not stalled and valid.
+    assign #2 CSR_W[index5] = (CSRArrayOld[index5] != CSRArray[index5]) ? 1 : 0;
+    assign rvvi.csr_wb[0][0][index5] = CSR_W[index5];
+    assign rvvi.csr[0][0][index5]    = CSRArray[index5];
+  end
+  
+//  always @rvvi.clk $display("%t @rvvi.clk=%X", $time, rvvi.clk);
+//  always @rvvi.csr[0][0]['h300] $display("%t rvvi.csr[0][0]['h300]=%X", $time, rvvi.csr[0][0]['h300]);
+//  always @rvvi.csr_wb[0][0]['h300] $display("%t rvvi.csr_wb[0][0]['h300]=%X", $time, rvvi.csr_wb[0][0]['h300]);
+//  always @rvvi.valid[0][0] $display("%t rvvi.valid[0][0]=%X", $time, rvvi.valid[0][0]);
+  
+  // *** implementation only cancel? so sc does not clear?
+  assign rvvi.lrsc_cancel[0][0] = '0;
+
+  integer index2;
+
+  always_ff @(posedge clk) begin
+	if(rvvi.valid[0][0]) begin
+	  if(`PRINT_PC_INSTR & !(`PRINT_ALL | `PRINT_MOST))
+		$display("order = %08d, PC = %08x, insn = %08x", rvvi.order[0][0], rvvi.pc_rdata[0][0], rvvi.insn[0][0]);
+	  else if(`PRINT_MOST & !`PRINT_ALL)
+		$display("order = %08d, PC = %010x, insn = %08x, trap = %1d, halt = %1d, intr = %1d, mode = %1x, ixl = %1x, pc_wdata = %010x, x%02d = %016x, f%02d = %016x, csr%03x = %016x", 
+		        rvvi.order[0][0], rvvi.pc_rdata[0][0], rvvi.insn[0][0], rvvi.trap[0][0], rvvi.halt[0][0], rvvi.intr[0][0], rvvi.mode[0][0], rvvi.ixl[0][0], rvvi.pc_wdata[0][0], rf_a3, rvvi.x_wdata[0][0][rf_a3], frf_a4, rvvi.f_wdata[0][0][frf_a4], CSRAdrW, rvvi.csr[0][0][CSRAdrW]);
+	  else if(`PRINT_ALL) begin
+		$display("order = %08d, PC = %08x, insn = %08x, trap = %1d, halt = %1d, intr = %1d, mode = %1x, ixl = %1x, pc_wdata = %08x", 
+				 rvvi.order[0][0], rvvi.pc_rdata[0][0], rvvi.insn[0][0], rvvi.trap[0][0], rvvi.halt[0][0], rvvi.intr[0][0], rvvi.mode[0][0], rvvi.ixl[0][0], rvvi.pc_wdata[0][0]);
+	  	for(index2 = 0; index2 < `NUM_REGS; index2 += 1) begin
+		  $display("x%02d = %08x", index2, rvvi.x_wdata[0][0][index2]);
+		end
+		for(index2 = 0; index2 < `NUM_REGS; index2 += 1) begin
+		  $display("f%02d = %08x", index2, rvvi.f_wdata[0][0][index2]);
+		end
+	  end
+	  if (`PRINT_CSRS) begin
+		for(index2 = 0; index2 < `NUM_CSRS; index2 += 1) begin
+		  if(CSR_W[index2]) begin
+			$display("%t: CSR %03x = %x", $time(), index2, CSRArray[index2]);
+		  end
+		end
+	  end
+	end
+    if(HaltW) $finish;
+  end
+
+
+
+endmodule
+
diff --git a/pipelined/testbench/testbench.sv b/pipelined/testbench/testbench.sv
index 0696367da..affb12128 100644
--- a/pipelined/testbench/testbench.sv
+++ b/pipelined/testbench/testbench.sv
@@ -471,15 +471,20 @@ logic [3:0] dummy;
       genvar adrindex;
       
       // Initializing all zeroes into the branch predictor memory.
-      for(adrindex = 0; adrindex < 1024; adrindex++) begin
+      for(adrindex = 0; adrindex < 2**10; adrindex++) begin
         initial begin 
-        force dut.core.ifu.bpred.bpred.Predictor.DirPredictor.PHT.mem[adrindex] = 0;
         force dut.core.ifu.bpred.bpred.TargetPredictor.memory.mem[adrindex] = 0;
         #1;
-        release dut.core.ifu.bpred.bpred.Predictor.DirPredictor.PHT.mem[adrindex];
         release dut.core.ifu.bpred.bpred.TargetPredictor.memory.mem[adrindex];
         end
       end
+      for(adrindex = 0; adrindex < 2**`BPRED_SIZE; adrindex++) begin
+        initial begin 
+        force dut.core.ifu.bpred.bpred.Predictor.DirPredictor.PHT.mem[adrindex] = 0;
+        #1;
+        release dut.core.ifu.bpred.bpred.Predictor.DirPredictor.PHT.mem[adrindex];
+        end
+      end
 
       if (`BPRED_LOGGER) begin
         string direction;
diff --git a/pipelined/testbench/testbench_imperas.sv b/pipelined/testbench/testbench_imperas.sv
index bc65a3c5b..65c92eb33 100644
--- a/pipelined/testbench/testbench_imperas.sv
+++ b/pipelined/testbench/testbench_imperas.sv
@@ -31,10 +31,21 @@
 
 `include "wally-config.vh"
 
+// This is set from the commsnd line script
+// `define USE_IMPERAS_DV
+
+`ifdef USE_IMPERAS_DV
+  `include "rvvi/imperasDV.svh"
+`endif
 
 module testbench;
   parameter DEBUG=0;
- 
+
+`ifdef USE_IMPERAS_DV
+  import rvviPkg::*;
+  import rvviApiPkg::*;
+`endif
+
   logic        clk;
   logic        reset_ext, reset;
 
@@ -63,7 +74,7 @@ module testbench;
   integer   	ProgramAddrLabelArray [string] = '{ "begin_signature" : 0, "tohost" : 0 };
   logic 	    DCacheFlushDone, DCacheFlushStart;
   string 		testName;
-  string memfilename, pathname, adrstr;
+  string memfilename, testDir, adrstr, elffilename;
 
   logic [31:0] GPIOPinsIn, GPIOPinsOut, GPIOPinsEn;
   logic        UARTSin, UARTSout;
@@ -92,28 +103,90 @@ module testbench;
       testadr = 0;
       testadrNoBase = 0;
 
-	  //testName =     "rv64i_m/I/src/add-01.S";
-	  testName =     "rv64i_m/privilege/src/WALLY-mmu-sv48-01.S";
-	  
+      if ($value$plusargs("testDir=%s", testDir)) begin
+          memfilename = {testDir, "/ref/ref.elf.memfile"};
+          elffilename = {testDir, "/ref/ref.elf"};
+          $display($sformatf("%m @ t=%0t: loading testDir %0s", $time, testDir));
+      end else begin
+          $error("Must specify test directory using plusarg testDir");
+      end
 
-	  //pathname =     "../../tests/riscof/work/riscv-arch-test/";
-	  pathname = "../../tests/riscof/work/wally-riscv-arch-test/";
-	  
-	  memfilename = {pathname, testName, "/ref/ref.elf.memfile"};
       if (`BUS_SUPPORTED) $readmemh(memfilename, dut.uncore.uncore.ram.ram.memory.RAM);
-	  else $error("Imperas test bench requires BUS_SUPPORTED.");
-
-      ProgramAddrMapFile = {pathname, testName, "/ref/ref.elf.objdump.addr"};
-      ProgramLabelMapFile = {pathname, testName, "/ref/ref.elf.objdump.lab"};
+	  else $error("Imperas test bench requires BUS.");
 
+      ProgramAddrMapFile = {testDir, "/ref/ref.elf.objdump.addr"};
+      ProgramLabelMapFile = {testDir, "/ref/ref.elf.objdump.lab"};
+      
       // declare memory labels that interest us, the updateProgramAddrLabelArray task will find the addr of each label and fill the array
       // to expand, add more elements to this array and initialize them to zero (also initilaize them to zero at the start of the next test)
       updateProgramAddrLabelArray(ProgramAddrMapFile, ProgramLabelMapFile, ProgramAddrLabelArray);
       $display("Read memfile %s", memfilename);
+      
     end
 
-  rvviTrace rvviTrace();
+  rvviTrace #(.XLEN(`XLEN), .FLEN(`FLEN)) rvvi();
+  wallyTracer wallyTracer(rvvi);
 
+`ifdef USE_IMPERAS_DV
+    trace2log idv_trace2log(rvvi);
+
+    // enabling of comparison types
+    trace2api #(.CMP_PC      (1),
+                .CMP_INS     (1),
+                .CMP_GPR     (1),
+                .CMP_FPR     (1),
+                .CMP_VR      (0),
+                .CMP_CSR     (1)
+               ) idv_trace2api(rvvi);
+
+    initial begin 
+      MAX_ERRS = 3;
+
+      // Initialize REF (do this before initializing the DUT)
+      if (!rvviVersionCheck(RVVI_API_VERSION)) begin
+        msgfatal($sformatf("%m @ t=%0t: Expecting RVVI API version %0d.", $time, RVVI_API_VERSION));
+      end
+      void'(rvviRefConfigSetString(IDV_CONFIG_MODEL_VENDOR,  "riscv.ovpworld.org"));
+      void'(rvviRefConfigSetString(IDV_CONFIG_MODEL_NAME,    "riscv"));
+      void'(rvviRefConfigSetString(IDV_CONFIG_MODEL_VARIANT, "RV64GC"));
+      if (!rvviRefInit(elffilename)) begin
+        msgfatal($sformatf("%m @ t=%0t: rvviRefInit failed", $time));
+      end
+
+      // Volatile CSRs
+      void'(rvviRefCsrSetVolatile(0, 32'hC00));   // CYCLE
+      void'(rvviRefCsrSetVolatile(0, 32'hB00));   // MCYCLE
+      void'(rvviRefCsrSetVolatile(0, 32'hC02));   // INSTRET
+      void'(rvviRefCsrSetVolatile(0, 32'hB02));   // MINSTRET
+      void'(rvviRefCsrSetVolatile(0, 32'hC01));   // TIME
+
+      if(`XLEN==32) begin
+          void'(rvviRefCsrSetVolatile(0, 32'hC80));   // CYCLEH
+          void'(rvviRefCsrSetVolatile(0, 32'hB80));   // MCYCLEH
+          void'(rvviRefCsrSetVolatile(0, 32'hC82));   // INSTRETH
+          void'(rvviRefCsrSetVolatile(0, 32'hB82));   // MINSTRETH
+      end
+
+  //    // Temporary fix for inexact difference
+//      void'(rvviRefCsrSetVolatile(0, 32'h001));   // fflags
+//      void'(rvviRefCsrSetVolatile(0, 32'h003));   // fcsr
+      
+      
+      // Enable the trace2log module
+      if ($value$plusargs("TRACE2LOG_ENABLE=%d", TRACE2LOG_ENABLE)) begin
+        msgnote($sformatf("%m @ t=%0t: TRACE2LOG_ENABLE is %0d", $time, TRACE2LOG_ENABLE));
+      end
+      
+      if ($value$plusargs("TRACE2COV_ENABLE=%d", TRACE2COV_ENABLE)) begin
+        msgnote($sformatf("%m @ t=%0t: TRACE2COV_ENABLE is %0d", $time, TRACE2COV_ENABLE));
+      end
+    end
+
+    final begin
+      void'(rvviRefShutdown());
+    end
+
+`endif
 
   flopenr #(`XLEN) PCWReg(clk, reset, ~dut.core.ieu.dp.StallW, dut.core.ifu.PCM, PCW);
   flopenr  #(32)   InstrWReg(clk, reset, ~dut.core.ieu.dp.StallW,  dut.core.ifu.InstrM, InstrW);
@@ -158,7 +231,7 @@ module testbench;
 
   // Track names of instructions
   instrTrackerTB it(clk, reset, dut.core.ieu.dp.FlushE,
-                dut.core.ifu.FinalInstrRawF[31:0],
+                dut.core.ifu.InstrRawF[31:0],
                 dut.core.ifu.InstrD, dut.core.ifu.InstrE,
                 dut.core.ifu.InstrM,  InstrW,
                 InstrFName, InstrDName, InstrEName, InstrMName, InstrWName);
@@ -254,7 +327,6 @@ module testbench;
 	end
   end
 
-  
 endmodule
 
 module riscvassertions;
@@ -267,17 +339,17 @@ module riscvassertions;
     assert (`F_SUPPORTED | ~`ZFH_SUPPORTED) else $error("Can't support half-precision fp (ZFH) without supporting float (F)");
     assert (`DCACHE_SUPPORTED | ~`F_SUPPORTED | `FLEN <= `XLEN) else $error("Data cache required to support FLEN > XLEN because AHB bus width is XLEN");
     assert (`I_SUPPORTED ^ `E_SUPPORTED) else $error("Exactly one of I and E must be supported");
-    assert (`FLEN<=`XLEN | `DCACHE | `DTIM_SUPPORTED) else $error("Wally does not support FLEN > XLEN unleses data cache or DTIM is supported");
+    assert (`FLEN<=`XLEN | `DCACHE_SUPPORTED | `DTIM_SUPPORTED) else $error("Wally does not support FLEN > XLEN unleses data cache or DTIM is supported");
     assert (`DCACHE_WAYSIZEINBYTES <= 4096 | (!`DCACHE_SUPPORTED) | `VIRTMEM_SUPPORTED == 0) else $error("DCACHE_WAYSIZEINBYTES cannot exceed 4 KiB when caches and vitual memory is enabled (to prevent aliasing)");
-    assert (`DCACHE_LINELENINBITS >= 128 | (!`DCACH_SUPPORTED)) else $error("DCACHE_LINELENINBITS must be at least 128 when caches are enabled");
+    assert (`DCACHE_LINELENINBITS >= 128 | (!`DCACHE_SUPPORTED)) else $error("DCACHE_LINELENINBITS must be at least 128 when caches are enabled");
     assert (`DCACHE_LINELENINBITS < `DCACHE_WAYSIZEINBYTES*8) else $error("DCACHE_LINELENINBITS must be smaller than way size");
     assert (`ICACHE_WAYSIZEINBYTES <= 4096 | (!`ICACHE_SUPPORTED) | `VIRTMEM_SUPPORTED == 0) else $error("ICACHE_WAYSIZEINBYTES cannot exceed 4 KiB when caches and vitual memory is enabled (to prevent aliasing)");
     assert (`ICACHE_LINELENINBITS >= 32 | (!`ICACHE_SUPPORTED)) else $error("ICACHE_LINELENINBITS must be at least 32 when caches are enabled");
     assert (`ICACHE_LINELENINBITS < `ICACHE_WAYSIZEINBYTES*8) else $error("ICACHE_LINELENINBITS must be smaller than way size");
-    assert (2**$clog2(`DCACHE_LINELENINBITS) == `DCACHE_LINELENINBITS | (!`DCACHE)) else $error("DCACHE_LINELENINBITS must be a power of 2");
-    assert (2**$clog2(`DCACHE_WAYSIZEINBYTES) == `DCACHE_WAYSIZEINBYTES | (!`DCACHE)) else $error("DCACHE_WAYSIZEINBYTES must be a power of 2");
-    assert (2**$clog2(`ICACHE_LINELENINBITS) == `ICACHE_LINELENINBITS | (!`ICACHE)) else $error("ICACHE_LINELENINBITS must be a power of 2");
-    assert (2**$clog2(`ICACHE_WAYSIZEINBYTES) == `ICACHE_WAYSIZEINBYTES | (!`ICACHE)) else $error("ICACHE_WAYSIZEINBYTES must be a power of 2");
+    assert (2**$clog2(`DCACHE_LINELENINBITS) == `DCACHE_LINELENINBITS | (!`DCACHE_SUPPORTED)) else $error("DCACHE_LINELENINBITS must be a power of 2");
+    assert (2**$clog2(`DCACHE_WAYSIZEINBYTES) == `DCACHE_WAYSIZEINBYTES | (!`DCACHE_SUPPORTED)) else $error("DCACHE_WAYSIZEINBYTES must be a power of 2");
+    assert (2**$clog2(`ICACHE_LINELENINBITS) == `ICACHE_LINELENINBITS | (!`ICACHE_SUPPORTED)) else $error("ICACHE_LINELENINBITS must be a power of 2");
+    assert (2**$clog2(`ICACHE_WAYSIZEINBYTES) == `ICACHE_WAYSIZEINBYTES | (!`ICACHE_SUPPORTED)) else $error("ICACHE_WAYSIZEINBYTES must be a power of 2");
     assert (2**$clog2(`ITLB_ENTRIES) == `ITLB_ENTRIES | `VIRTMEM_SUPPORTED==0) else $error("ITLB_ENTRIES must be a power of 2");
     assert (2**$clog2(`DTLB_ENTRIES) == `DTLB_ENTRIES | `VIRTMEM_SUPPORTED==0) else $error("DTLB_ENTRIES must be a power of 2");
     assert (`UNCORE_RAM_RANGE >= 56'h07FFFFFF) else $warning("Some regression tests will fail if UNCORE_RAM_RANGE is less than 56'h07FFFFFF");
@@ -288,7 +360,7 @@ module riscvassertions;
     assert (`DCACHE_SUPPORTED | `VIRTMEM_SUPPORTED ==0) else $error("Virtual memory needs dcache");
     assert (`ICACHE_SUPPORTED | `VIRTMEM_SUPPORTED ==0) else $error("Virtual memory needs icache");
     assert ((`DCACHE_SUPPORTED == 0 & `ICACHE_SUPPORTED == 0) | `BUS_SUPPORTED) else $error("Dcache and Icache requires DBUS.");
-    assert (`DCACHE_LINELENINBITS <= `XLEN*16 | (!`DCACHE)) else $error("DCACHE_LINELENINBITS must not exceed 16 words because max AHB burst size is 1");
+    assert (`DCACHE_LINELENINBITS <= `XLEN*16 | (!`DCACHE_SUPPORTED)) else $error("DCACHE_LINELENINBITS must not exceed 16 words because max AHB burst size is 1");
     assert (`DCACHE_LINELENINBITS % 4 == 0) else $error("DCACHE_LINELENINBITS must hold 4, 8, or 16 words");
     assert (`DCACHE_SUPPORTED | `A_SUPPORTED == 0) else $error("Atomic extension (A) requires cache on Wally.");
     assert (`IDIV_ON_FPU == 0 | `F_SUPPORTED) else $error("IDIV on FPU needs F_SUPPORTED");
@@ -311,7 +383,7 @@ module DCacheFlushFSM
 
   logic [`XLEN-1:0] ShadowRAM[`UNCORE_RAM_BASE>>(1+`XLEN/32):(`UNCORE_RAM_RANGE+`UNCORE_RAM_BASE)>>1+(`XLEN/32)];
   
-	if(`DCACHE) begin
+	if(`DCACHE_SUPPORTED) begin
 	  localparam integer numlines = testbench.dut.core.lsu.bus.dcache.dcache.NUMLINES;
 	  localparam integer numways = testbench.dut.core.lsu.bus.dcache.dcache.NUMWAYS;
 	  localparam integer linebytelen = testbench.dut.core.lsu.bus.dcache.dcache.LINEBYTELEN;
@@ -413,6 +485,7 @@ module copyShadow
     end
   end
   
+  
 endmodule
 
 task automatic updateProgramAddrLabelArray;
diff --git a/setup.imperas.sh b/setup.imperas.sh
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e3ac447bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/setup.imperas.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+IMP_HASH=56b1479
+
+REPO=davidharrishmc
+REPO=eroom1966
+git clone https://github.com/${REPO}/riscv-wally -b imperas
+
+cd riscv-wally
+WALLY=$(dirname ${BASH_SOURCE[0]:-$0})
+export WALLY=$(cd "$WALLY" && pwd)
+
+# clone the Imperas repo
+if [ ! -d external ]; then
+    mkdir -p external
+fi
+pushd external
+    if [ ! -f ImperasDV-HMC ]; then
+        git clone git@github.com:Imperas/ImperasDV-HMC.git
+    fi
+    pushd ImperasDV-HMC
+        git checkout $IMP_HASH
+    popd
+popd
+
+# Setup Imperas
+source ${WALLY}/external/ImperasDV-HMC/Imperas/bin/setup.sh
+setupImperas ${WALLY}/external/ImperasDV-HMC/Imperas
+export IMPERAS_PERSONALITY=CPUMAN_DV_ASYNC
+
+# setup QUESTA (Imperas only command, YMMV)
+svsetup -questa
+
+pushd pipelined/regression
+    # With IDV
+    IMPERAS_TOOLS=$(pwd)/imperas.ic \
+        OTHERFLAGS="+TRACE2LOG_ENABLE=1 VERBOSE=1" \
+        TESTDIR=${WALLY}/external/ImperasDV-HMC/tests/riscof/work/riscv-arch-test/rv64i_m/F/src/fadd_b1-01.S  \
+        vsim -c -do "do wally-pipelined-imperas.do rv64gc"
+popd
+
+# notes
+# run the pushd external  code
+
+#source external/ImperasDV-HMC/Imperas/bin/setup.sh 
+#  setupImperas /home/ross/repos/active-wally/riscv-wally/external/ImperasDV-HMC/Imperas
+#  env | grep IMPERAS
+#  export IMPERAS_PERSONALITY=CPUMAN_DV_ASYNC
+
+IMPERAS_TOOLS=$(pwd)/imperas.ic \
+OTHERFLAGS="+TRACE2LOG_ENABLE=1 VERBOSE=1" \
+TESTDIR=../../tests/riscof_lee/work/riscv-arch-test/rv64i_m/F/src/fadd_b1-01.S  \
+vsim -c -do "do wally-pipelined-imperas.do rv64gc"
+
+
+# getting library issue.
+# try switching to modelsim 2022.01